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In grammar and linguistics, the term complement is used with different meanings, so it is difficult to give a single precise definition and explanation.〔See Matthews (1981:142f.) and Huddleston (1988:note 2) for good overviews of the different uses of the term ''complement''.〕 In a broad general sense however, a complement can be understood as a word, phrase or clause that is necessary to ''complete'' the meaning of a given expression.〔See Crystal (1997:75).〕 The terms ''complement'' and ''argument'' overlap in meaning and use. A given complement is therefore often also an argument. Complements are not adjuncts, however. ==Predicative, subject and object complements== In many traditional grammars, the terms ''subject complement'' and ''object complement'' are employed to denote the predicative expressions (e.g. predicative adjectives and nominals) that serve to assign a property to a subject or object,〔For examples of grammars that employ the terms ''subject complement'' and ''object complement'' to denote predicative expressions, see Matthews (1981:3ff.), Downing and Locke (1992:64f.), Thomas (1993:46, 49), Brinton (2000:183f.).〕 e.g. ::Ryan is upset. – Predicative adjective as subject complement ::Rachelle is the boss. – Predicative nominal as subject complement ::That made Michael lazy. – Predicative adjective as object complement ::We call Rachelle the boss. – Predicative nominal as object complement Although widespread in school grammar, this use of terminology is not employed by many modern theories of syntax, which typically view the expressions in bold as part of the clause predicate, which means they are not complements of the subject or object, but rather they are properties that are predicated of the subject or object. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Complement (linguistics)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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